👉 The formation fluid, also known as a magma, is a molten rock material that forms deep within the Earth's mantle or crust due to extreme heat and pressure. This process, called partial melting, occurs when the surrounding rock melts, often due to the introduction of heat from tectonic activity or the presence of volatiles like water. As the molten rock ascends, it can collect in magma chambers beneath volcanoes or intrude into the crust, eventually solidifying to form igneous rocks. The composition of the formation fluid is influenced by the source materials and the conditions under which it melts, leading to a diverse range of magma types with varying chemical compositions and physical properties.
